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1251 Wescoe Hall Drive Malott Hall, Room 3027 University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 Phone: (785) 864-5152 Fax: (785) 864-5396 Email: gwilson@ku.edu |
Bioanalytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Problem-Based Learning in Instrumental Analysis
Research Interests: Analytical Chemistry: redox biochemistry, in-vivo
measurements with biosensors, analysis of chromosome structure,
development of analytical reagents based on biological recognition.
The measurement of analytes in complex biological media continues to be a challenge. High sensitivity and selectivity are often essential to successful analysis. In addition, in-vivo measurements performed in order to understand time-dependent physiological processes may require good spatial and temporal resolution as well. Successful implementation of such analyses also requires reliable functioning of the analysis system in a matrix often not compatible with the analysis objectives.
Biosensors. A major effort is focused on the development of biosensors suitable for continuous in-vivo monitoring of analytes such as glucose, lactate, glutamate, and oxygen. The objective of this work is to understand the temporal and spatial concentration dependence of these analytes in response to chemical and physical stimuli. These measurements are expected to contribute to the understanding of brain trauma, and other abnormalities, and to the treatment of these conditions. We have been successful in developing a subcutaneously-implantable glucose sensor which is being used to monitor blood glucose in diabetic patients. The effects of the interactions with the surrounding tissue must be considered and this has been a major emphasis in recent years. Sensor design and the effective coupling of the analyte recognition process into the transduction of this event play a key role in defining sensor response characteristics. Attention is focused on the development of sensors with sub-second response times, high selectivity and small size.
Biological Recognition. The use of biological recognition has broadened beyond enzymes and antibodies to include the properties of aptamers, oligonucleotides derived from a library screened for binding to small molecules or to proteins with selectivity and binding affinity comparable to that of an antibody. We have particularly examined the environmental effects on the behavior of fluorophores attached to aptamers, particularly with regard to the fluorophore photophysics. Biological recognition has also been used as a basis for the isolation of individual chromosomes from a cell nucleus.
Post-translational Modifications of Proteins. In biological systems proteins are modified systematically to render them active and also by chance resulting from reaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS). These would include nitric oxide, superoxide, peroxide, peroxynitrite, or hydroxyl radicals. Analytical methods based on immunochemical and mass spectrometric approaches are being developed.
Selected Publications
1. Gifford, M.M. Batchelor, Y. Lee, G. Gokulrangan, M.E. Meyerhoff, G.S. Wilson, Mediation of In Vivo Glucose Sensor Inflammatory Response Via Nitric Oxide Release, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 75A, 755-766 (2005).2. G. Gokulrangan, J.R. Unruh, D.F. Holub, B. Ingram, C.K. Johnson, G.S. Wilson, DNA Aptamer-Based Bioanalysis of IgE by Fluorescence Anisotropy, Anal. Chem. 77, 1963-1970 (2005).
3. J.R. Unruh, G. Gokulrangan, G.S. Wilson, and C.K.
4. J.R. Unruh, G. Gokulrangan, G.H. Lushington, C.K. Jo hnson, and G.S. Wilson, Orientational Dynamics and Dye-DNA Interactions in a DNA Aptamer, Biophys. J. 88, 3455-3465 (2005).
5. S.N. Vitharana, G.S. Wilson, “Fractionation of Chromosome-15 with an Affinity-Based Approach Using Magnetic Beads”, Genomics, 87, 158-164 (2006).
6. J.R. Mora, J.H.M. Knoll, P.K. Rogan, R.C. Getts, and G.S. Wilson, Dendrimer FISH Detection of Single Copy Intervals in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Mol Cell Probes, 20, 114-120 (2006).7. R. Gifford, J.J. Kehoe, S.L. Barnes, B.A. Kornilayev, M.A. Alterman, G.S. Wilson, Protein Interactions with Subcutaneously-Implanted Biosensors, Biomaterials, 27, 2587-2598 (2006).
8.M. Yasuzawa; S. Furukawa; H. Takaoka; R. Gifford; G. S. Wilson. Development of a multichannel biosensor for in vivo measurement. Chemical Sensors, 22 (Suppl. A), 115-117 (2006).
9.H. Takaoka, K. Moriyama, M. Yamamoto, M. Yasuzawa, S. Imai, R. Gifford, G.S. Wilson, Preparation of In-Vivo Measurement-type Biosensor Using Super-Flexible Alloy Wire as the Core Material, Chemical Sensors, 22 (Suppl. B), 7-9 (2006).
10.K. Moriyama, H. Takaoka, M. Yasuzawa, G.S. Wilson, Development of Precise Enzyme-Localizing Technique for Multi-channel Sensor Fabrication, Chemical Sensors, 22 (Suppl. B) 10-12 (2006).
11.D.A. Johnson, G.S. Wilson, “Telemetry for Biosensor Systems” in Electrochemical Methods for Neuroscience, A.C. Michael, L.M.Borland, eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2007.
12.G.S. Wilson, M. Ammam, In-Vivo Biosensors, FEBSJ., 274, 5452-5461 (2007).
13.G.S. Wilson, Y. Zhang, “Introduction to the Glucose Sensing Problem” in In-Vivo Glucose Sensing, D. Cunningham, J.A. Stenken, eds., Wiley, 2007, in press.
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